AQUACULTURE COMPONENT


AQUACULTURE COMPONENT

1. Introduction about the Institute of Aquaculture

Institute of Aquaculture has been the key role in providing the manpower for fisheries and aquaculture sectors in Vietnam. The institute’s responsibility is to educate and train students and researchers in the field of aquaculture, fish pathology and aquatic resources management at graduate and postgraduate levels. The Institute also assists Laos and Cambodia in training their staff in the area of aquaculture. Since establishment, the institute has educated and trained thousands of bachelors, hundreds of masters and PhDs.

 
     
 
The Institute has three departments, including Department of Freshwater Aquaculture, Department of Brackish Aquaculture, and Department of Marine Aquaculture. It has 57 staff with 97 percent obtained their masters and doctoral diploma. Researchers at the Institute study and solve issues raised in the field of fisheries and aquaculture. We are interested in exploring biological processes in aquatic organisms, environmental and resource management. We also employ advanced biotechnological applications in aquaculture of fish, crustaceans, molluscs and seaweeds. 
 

   1.1.  Department of Freshwater Aquaculture

   
  The understanding of biological processes is important for management of resources and development of better and more sustainable aquaculture practice. Researchers at the Department are interested in exploring biological mechanism underlining embryo development, bio-physiological processes of the early stage of life cycles of fish, crustacean and mollusks, and reproductive biology of aquatic organisms. We are also study on physiology and preservation of semen and sperms of fish, e.g., sandbass, Barramundi, Psammopercawaigiensis, Latescalcarifer, and grouper, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus that is important for breeding and conservation programmes.  
 

Algae (Spirulina platensis and Nannochloropsis, etc.) and zooplanton (artemina, copepod, etc.) are inevitable sources of live feeds for larvae. We study on production of micro algae and artemia for larvae rearing. Production of sufficient amount and good quality of live feeds is important to increase viability of the larvae, and thus artificial seed production success. In addition, we are interested in producing algae for functional food for human consumption.

We are also interested in study the expression of genes that are involved in nutrient absorption and energy allocation in fish and crustaceans. There is research on develop molecular and genetic markers applied in breeding programs.
 

1.2.  Department of Brackishwater Aquaculture

The Department has long traditions for seed production and exemplifying sustainable aquaculture practice. We have achievements in propagation and cultivation of fresh water fish species, such as grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idellus, common carp Cyprinus carpio, silver carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, and marine finfish, e.g., Barramundi, Lates calcarifer, grouper, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus, red snapper, Lutjanus argentimaculatus, cobia, Rachycentron canadum, and bompano, Trachinotus blochii.  
  In addition, we also obtained success in reproduction and cultivation of tiger shrimp, Penaeusmonodon, white leg shrimp, Penaeus vannamei, lobster, Palunirus ornatus, Pacific oystes, Crassostrea gigas and seaweeds (sea grape, Caulerpa lentillifera).  
 
Vietnam has large areas of fresh water body and long coastline that is great potential to develop aquaculture to contribute to national and world economy. We are interested in study the reproductive biology and seed production of red snapper, rabbit fish, Siganus guttatus, pompano and plate snail, Nerita balteata. There is also research on in producing live feeds to improve viability of fish, crustaceans and mollusks at the larval stages. In addition, we also study nutritional requirements and producing formulated feed for pompano, cobia and spiny lobster. We employ advanced management of fish brood stock and genetic markers in breeding programs.
 
  The Department has co-operations with extension Agencies to transfer technology in aquaculture to aquaculture communities. Our department alsohas collaborations with several other institutes and universities and aquafeed companies in order to build up protocols for sustainable aquaculture development. These activities give us a competence suitable for work within industry, regulatory agencies, or research and teaching within the field of aquaculture and resource management.  

1.3.  Department of  Marine Aquaculture

  Aquaculture has been challenged by disease outbreak and environment pollution due to waste discharge. Our interest is to employ methods for better water quality controls in aquaculture systems. We study on applications of prevention, modern diagnosis technique and treatment for viral and infectious disease. There is research on monitoring, accessing and management of fisheries resources for sustainable development.
 
We have achievement in diagnosis and treatment for MBV (Monodon baculovirus) in tiger shrimp, Penaesus monodon,  whitish blood disease in lobster, Palunirus ornatus and bacterial and parasitic pathogen in grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idellus, common carp, Cyprinus carpio, Barramundi, Lates calcarifer.
The Department has collaborations with other university and institute in order to produce vaccination for Barramundi and other finfish.

2. Component Description

Ph.D. (Pham Phuong Linh) and P.D. (Le Minh Hoang) training in Aquaculture:

Climate Change will strongly affect all life of fish, based on our current knowledge of the environmental physiology. Larval fishes are usually more sensitive than adults to environmental fluctuations, and may be especially vulnerable to climate change. In addition to the direct effect on all cellular processes, the embryonic duration and egg survival, temperature also influences size at hatching, developmental rate, pelagic larval duration and survival. It may induce abnormal development if the changes become excessive. Understanding and managing climate change and its impacts on natural and cultured fish therefore represent a large challenge for the future. Increased variations in temperatures, rainfall, and more severe climate events such as heat waves (temperature), floods (salinity and pollution in coastal areas) will have a large impact on populations of wild fish as well as fish in aquaculture. Both fishery and aquaculture represent key primary sectors where problems will have major impacts on the economy, food security and nutrition of the population.

Aim of the component: is to train PhD and PhD candidate to assess the effects of climate change on development and growth of fish in Vietnam using anemone fish (clown fish) and cobia as our model organisms. Anemone fish is an established fish in culture in Vietnam and serves as a perfect model for assessing climate effects on wild stocks and conservation aspects since it has a key role in fragile ecosystems in the reefs in the South China Sea. This fish is also popular in the ornamentalaquarium fish industry and successful management of the wild stocks and a steady supply of cultured fish is of vital importance. Cobia is one of the main species in large scale commercial marine aquaculture in Vietnam. It is therefore very important to know how climate changes will affect the species due to large potential socioeconomic implications.

Two main themes: one that focuses on the early stages of anemone fish and aims to describe temperature effects on growth, developmental abnormalities, feeding, survival and fish welfare. The other will focus on temperature effects on cobia and aims to explore effects on metabolism, appetite, energy allocation, protein metabolism, and growth. The methodology will span from analysis of feed intake to advanced molecular methods that will explore the plasticity of the expression of the genome as a result of climate change. In particular:

Contact Person:
Dr. Nguyen Tan Sy, Component Leader: Email: synt@ntu.edu.vn

 






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